A reproducible ensemble machine learning approach to forecast dengue outbreaks.

Dengue fever, a prevalent and rapidly spreading arboviral disease, poses substantial public health and economic challenges in tropical and sub-tropical regions worldwide. Predicting infectious disease outbreaks on a countrywide scale is complex due to spatiotemporal variations in dengue incidence across administrative areas. To address this, we propose a machine learning ensemble model for forecasting the dengue incidence rate (DIR) in Brazil, with a focus on the population under 19 years old. The model integrates spatial and temporal information, providing one-month-ahead DIR estimates at the state level. Comparative analyses with a dummy model and ablation studies demonstrate the ensemble model's qualitative and quantitative efficacy across the 27 Brazilian Federal Units. Furthermore, we showcase the transferability of this approach to Peru, another Latin American country with differing epidemiological characteristics. This timely forecast system can aid local governments in implementing targeted control measures. The study advances climate services for health by identifying factors triggering dengue outbreaks in Brazil and Peru, emphasizing collaborative efforts with intergovernmental organizations and public health institutions. The innovation lies not only in the algorithms themselves but in their application to a domain marked by data scarcity and operational scalability challenges. We bridge the gap by integrating well-curated ground data with advanced analytical methods, addressing a significant deficiency in current practices. The successful transfer of the model to Peru and its consistent performance during the 2019 outbreak in Brazil showcase its scalability and practical application. While acknowledging limitations in handling extreme values, especially in regions with low DIR, our approach excels where accurate predictions are critical. The study not only contributes to advancing DIR forecasting but also represents a paradigm shift in integrating advanced analytics into public health operational frameworks. This work, driven by a collaborative spirit involving intergovernmental organizations and public health institutions, sets a precedent for interdisciplinary collaboration in addressing global health challenges. It not only enhances our understanding of factors triggering dengue outbreaks but also serves as a template for the effective implementation of advanced analytical methods in public health.

Rabdomiossarcoma embrionário de vagina: relato de caso e revisão de literatura / Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the vagina: case report and literature review

Rabdomiossarcoma é o sarcoma de partes moles, mais comum na infância, portanto de rara ocorrência em adultos e localiza-se no trato genital feminino. Entre seus subtipos, destaca-se como mais freqüente o embrionário. Representa um tumor agressivo, de difícil diagnóstico e tratamento envolvendo excisão cirúrgica, radioterapia e quimioterapia. Os autores apresentam um caso de rabdomiossarcoma embrionário localizado em vagina, enfatizando os aspectos relevantes sobre o tema.

Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common soft tissue sarcoma of childhood, although it is rare in adults and in the female genital tract. Among its subtypes, embryonal distinguish as the most frequent one. It represents an aggressive tumor, with difficult diagnostic and its treatment includes surgical excision, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The authors present a case of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma localized in vagina, emphasizing relevant aspects about the topic.

Mesotelioma peritoneal maligno / Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma

O mesotelioma é tumor raro, freqüentemente relacionado à exposição ao asbesto. Representa um desafio diagnóstico e terapêutico devido à sua raridade e agressividade. Os autores apresentam relato de caso de mesotelioma maligno peritoneal, enfocando aspectos relevantes da literatura atual sobre o tema.

Mesothelioma is a rare tumor which is often related to asbestos exposure. It represents diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to its rarity and aggressiveness. The authors present a case report of malignant peritoneal emphasizing relevant aspects of current literature about the topic.